Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Journal of Young Scientist", Vol. 2
Written by Roxana Maria TRUȚA
Due to the rapid development of the industry and also the settlements along the rivers, their waters reach wastes and even toxic elements that affect water quality characteristics. Pollution from industry is done at all levels: chemically, physically and biologically, thus affecting the normal development of flora and fauna. Changing water quality is achieved by altering the pH, temperature, water turbidity, but also enriching with organic materials content, thereby reducing the amount of oxygen in water, that favors the overgrowth of algae communities, resulting in eutrophication banks. The proposed research theme enroll in scientific concerns of international and national quality control and protection of surface waters against pollution and provides a comprehensive characterization of water quality of River Galda. To better highlight the influence of industry on the river Galda, his course was divided into four sectors from its source to its mouth, each sector comprising settlements developed along the watercourse and one food industry factory, except the first sector, that includes source of the river and a portion without settlements or other pollution sources. This section, first sector, provides information on the quality of river Galda water without the influence of anthropogenically induced pollution and is used as a reference section. To establish the water quality were used physical analyzes, chemical evaluation was done by determining the main parameters of the oxygen regime, parameters concerning nutrients and main ions existing in water. Evaluation of water quality in terms of biological and microbiological study was carried out by community diatoms in Phytobenthos and establishing ecological status of water on saprobic system, and the micro-biologically analyzed colonies of coliform bacteria , E. coli, Enterococci and NTG. As a result of analyzes was performed in framing quality classes stipulated in legislation of each sector analyzed and also established the ecological status of water in each sector, thus achieving a comprehensive evaluation of river water quality Galda, and evolution pollution from the source to the mouth, according to the sources of pollution.
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